ACT Writing Prompt Essay Example for Free

ACT Writing Prompt Essay When you were in school have you ever came back from vacation and forgot what you have learned? Most kids when they come back from summer vacation they forgot most of the material they had just learned. Or during school students complain â€Å"I want more time off†. No one gets excited about school but if kids were used to getting no summer break then they wouldn’t have the need to want more time off. The traditional three-summer vacation should not be maintained because over summer students forget what they learned, the holiday breaks will be longer, and the students will be able to learn more. See more: The Issues Concerning Identity Theft Essay The three-month summer vacation should not be maintained. Other opponents may argue that students need the summer break to get away from all of the stress of school and that students need more breaks. However, if the three-month vacation was not maintained there would be less stressful situations because there would be more time to do work. Also students would get longer holiday breaks and more half days. Doesn’t it make more sense to have multiple vacation time then one chunk of it? The three-month summer vacation clearly should not be maintained. For instance, during summer vacation students are not thinking about school, the students are thinking about having fun. For example when the students come back to school they do not remember most of the material they have learned. There are many kids out there that hate coming back to school, so they never want to learn or they do not care. But for every new school year in the first few weeks teachers have to review what material was previously taught so the students well remember. That is a waste of time. If there was no summer vacation then the first two or three weeks wouldn’t be wasted on review. In addition, with no three- month vacation the students would be able to soak in a lot more knowledge and actually remember it for college. The students would be able to be better prepared for the feature, since they would be taught with multiple vacation time. For example in college students need to be prepared because college students do not get as much vacation time as high school students do. Also if the students in high school pay attention then college will be easier for them to understand because the professors do not help as much as public school teachers do. In the future the students will not get as much vacation time in their work career. When students come back from summer vacation the kids do not remember what they have learned. That is why school should be year round with no three-month summer vacation because the students forget the material, the holiday breaks would be longer, and the students would be able to learn more. There would be no more complaining about breaks and no more homework every day.

Public Grazing on Bureau of Land Management Land :: Agriculture Farming Environment Essays Papers

Public Grazing on Bureau of Land Management Land The Bureau of land Management is an agency of the department of the Interior. It manages 264 million acres in the western lands and over 700 acres of mineral estate nationwide. The purposes of these lands are mineral development, recreation, timber, and grazing. The on that we are going to talk about is grazing on the BLM lands and how they are improving them. In the 1930's, overgrazing was damaging the Western rangelands to a dust bowl. In Wyoming during 1909 the sheep numbers reached six million. Most of these sheep operations were nomadic, with that meant that some of these operations were keeping their sheep on public land all year round. The range land became deteriorated bye this way of grazing. By the 1920's and 1930's the ranchers and the conservationists wanted something to be done before the land got any worse. Congress knew that they had to do something before they lost their country's biggest asset. The Taylor Grazing Act (TGA) of 1934 was passed. What the TGA did was regulated grazing on public lands through using permits. With regulation of public lands they could control numbers of occupancy and uses on the land. It also could preserve the land from destruction, with that it could improve the land and develop it better. In 1964 Public Land Law Review Commission was established to make recommendations on how to manage the lan d. Congress responded to that by passing the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA) in 1976, which keeps the lands in Federal ownership. The Public Rangelands Improvement Act of 1978 was another act that improved rangelands. It realized that public rangelands were producing less than their potential. This act helps maintain and improve the conditions of the rangelands so that they become productive and usable to their highest potential again. The Executive Order 12548 of 1986, signed by President Reagan, stated that there would be annual fees for domesticated livestock grazing on public rangelands. Just in Oregon and Washington the federal government will receive over $1.8 million annually for grazing about 250,000 animals on BLM land. The BLM has improved the rangeland in Oregon by one hundred percent. With the Oregon Trail having immigrants and their cattle coming through, it destroyed the land with no grass left to graze. The BLM scattered cattle throughout the land and the grazing has improved, so has the water development.

How the family changed over time Essay

How the family has changed over time? The institution of the family has changed dramatically over last 50 years and the main sociological perspectives, functionalism, Marxism, feminism and interactionism have described this changes in terms of family structure, divorce rates, marriage rate and gender roles. Defining family in Britain is problematic as until 1960’s few sociologists questioned the importance of the benefits of the family. Family is a group of people living together related by blood or marriage who support themselves economically and emotionally. It was assumed that the family was evolving with the change in Britain. From the 1960’s , with increasing divorce rates, living together before marriage, single parent families, one person households , separation and migration, family traditionally seen as nuclear (based on two adults and children) became harder to define. Sociologists have concluded that the family has become harder to define in the more traditional sense. A family can now consist of any group of people living together and/or bringing up children. This could separate due to divorce and another family created through remarriage or cohabitation, with the introduction of step children or children born to the new parentage resulting in another family unit although the first one still technically exists. There are two basic types of family structure: extended and nuclear. Functionalists say industrialization changed the function of the family. In pre-industrial society the extended family was most prevalent. Families lived and collaborated in engendering goods and crops to live from, taking the surplus to market. In industrial society, the nuclear family becomes ascendant. Status for an individual in pre-industrial society was ascribed. Talcott Parsons (1956) presumed that in industrial society an individual’s status is achieved by their prosperity. The nuclear family is the best way to achieve prosperity as individuals. Family structure adapts to the changing circumstances. Changes in economic, political, and moral approach led to the transformation of the family structure. Postmodern times in which we live in a time of tolerance, emancipation of women, legalization and acceptance of homosexual relationships. All these changes meant that more and more people moved away from the traditional model of the family, universal fifty years ago. Statistics indicate an increasing number of households about 9. 2 million since 1961 but that is due to the increase amount of the divorce, migration, remarried people, single people and increase in length of life. At the same time the increase amount of households decreased their size and the average number of children due to widespread access to the contraception, abortion, aging population and costs associated with children’s maintenance. More women are also delaying having children because they focusing on work and education seeing role of the mother as a barrier. It is related to ‘child centric’ model of the family, which learn society to treat children’s as the most ‘precious’ , whom one must completely conform their lives to them . Most mothers deciding to give a birth at age 30-34. Although, life style changes have also caused decrease in married couples amount which is also related to religious approach, because from 1981, when only 49% of all marriages were civil marriages, at 2010, already 68,2 % of all marriages where civil marriages. However, married couple are still the most common type of the family. The functionalist view of the role of the family in society is that it maintains social order for benefits of all. The family is a tool for primary socialization and a key social institution in sustaining the value consensus (Harambolos 2008).Murdock (1949) claimed that family was universal. It is defined as a social group characterised by common residence, economic co-operation and reproduction. A family lives in the same home, has economic co-operation usually through the division of labour where the man will take on the instrumental role and provide for the family while the woman will adopt the expressive role and take care of the home and family members. Unfortunately, that’s the most common image of division of labour for as much, men, are more likely to help at housework or child care presently, it still seen as a responsibility of women. Marxists would contest this viewpoint, arguing that the division of labour is capitalist dogma used to control the labour force and stop them from developing class consciousness. Marxism looks at the methods of control of the ruling class (bourgeoisie) in determining the way society is organised. The family is seen as part of the structure of society and is one of a number of social institutions which helps maintain the capitalists system. Marxists state that it is the requirements of the system that has come to shape the family in modern societies. From this perspective view, society revolves around the infrastructure and social superstructure. The family helps to maintain this system. Friedrich Engels (1884) provides a basis for the Marxist view of the family were strongly linked to the evolution of the capitalist system. He also explored the concept of monogamy and argued that the monogamous nuclear family developed with the emergence of private ownership of the ‘means of production’. Engels stated that this system is maintained by the socialisation of capitalist social norms and values. Marxists do not see this as benefitting the family at all, only the system, and therefore this helps support their theory that family exists as a largely negative institution. Both of these sociological perspective see the role of the family in the opposite way, but in the meantime both of them describing family as a unit of socialization. On the other hand functionalists assume that the family is a positive and beneficial institution in which family members receive nurturing, care and unconditional love which helps keep society functioning well. However, this is not always the case, when it comes to domestic violence, divorce and child abuse. All couples and families who were nuclear families or had potential to be were being ruined each day, providing that the functionalist’s view of a beneficial family was much overestimated. In comparison, Marxists state that family helps to maintain class differences in society as the rich can afford to give their children a better start in life than the poor, such as. pay for a better education, and get them a good job either in their own business or their friends business. Marxists believe the family socializes the working class to accept that it is fair that the classes are unequal. A different view on the family, presented by Feminists, focuses also on socialization but sees its effects in division of labour and gender role stereotyping. They states that family is bad for women. Girls and boys learn their different gender roles within the family through socialization. Girls copy their mothers, doing housework, whilst boys copy their fathers, doing DIY. They then learn that this is how male and female roles should be. Feminists believe that the family is male dominated- the term for this is patriarchal. Their theory is still relevant nowadays, because although more women are having careers it’s still expected from them to take care of children’s and home. Perceptions of roles is so deeply rooted in society that, despising the false image of a woman liberated, having range of capabilities which can freely pursue her dreams when in the end ,is still required from her to perform, in the meantime, the role of housewife. In contrast, interactionist state that the family assists in the construction of the identity for the social individual and looks at the society at a micro scale. In this perspective the family, through interaction helps the social individual to understand ‘self’ when feminists could argue that vision of how one should look like and behave originates from socialization. They also believe that family helps the social individual identify her/his social role without considering how institutions, class conflict and gender stereotyping influence on creation of those roles. In Great Britain the family is built on the concept of marriage with children had a very well-established position but during last century divorce rates increased 200%. Which is also reflected in the number of separations reported annually by 150,000 to 200,000 pairs per year. Some researchers place the cause of increased divorce on higher expectations (Fletcher, 1966). And given the rates of remarriage it is not the institution of marriage, or the ideology picturing lifelong happiness that is rejected, but an insufficient partner. (Denny1984) regards western style marriages based on romantic love as fragile because they are only held together by emotional ties. Another reason why divorce rates increased is that now considerably less social stigma and blame is attached to divorce. One of the main reasons for this phenomenon are changes in divorce law making it much easier to divorce now then for example 50 years ago. Statistics show that the number of children in divorcing couples declined from 153,000 to 104,000. However, this data does not take into account cohabitating couples whose separation is not recorded. The amount of cohabiting couples has increased significantly in recent years. In the majority of relationships still the most important are children’s. The average time spent with children nowadays by mothers is 2h 32 minutes and by fathers 2h 16 minutes when 50 years ago that that was only 25 minutes per day for both parent. Currently fathers are more involved in bringing up children, and the belief in the society that children are an extension of us and their success is our success modernized power image of the families. Is widely spread on the increasing number of single fathers to 178,000 from  60,000 from 1670. This shows how evolved the role of the father in the family. Increasingly, we find also reconstituted families where the connection partners cohabitation or marriage jointly raise children from a previous relationship. That happens because of the increased amounts of divorce and remarriage trends. Humans as far didn’t create any more successful structure t han family. But is nowadays family a well-functioning institution ? Very big influence on how present family looks like has mass media which are creating image how does family should look like which society is fallowing. Traditional family model become a consumption unit which glorifies children and parents are responsibility to make them happy and fulfill their all desires. All values and norms changed dramatically over time and people lost respect to institution like marriage. In conclusion family is still a basic part of the society but it evolved creating new forms of it. References: Haramolos, M & Holborn, M (2008) 7th Ed. Sociology, themes and perspectives, Harper Collins: London Scott,J. & Marshall, G (2009) Oxford dictionary of sociology , Oxford University Press: Oxford

The World Needs Energy On Fossil Fuels - 2351 Words

In 2015, the world will face a vast amount of dilemmas; these dilemmas range from how someone is going to get their food to how they are going to cook. But the biggest dilemma of them all, is how they are going to continue to get energy to do everyday tasks. The most efficient resources are those of the nonrenewable variety. These nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum. Someday these resources will run out and will not be replenished for thousands of years. As of now, an overwhelming majority of the energy used in the world today is non-renewable. We, as civilized people, are so dependent on fossil fuels that we go through extraneous efforts to retrieve these properties. The world needs energy†¦show more content†¦The first phase of the system is called the Keystone Pipeline. The Keystone Pipeline runs from Hardisty, Alberta to the junction at Steele City, Nebraska. It would then go the Wood River Refinery in Roxana, Illinois an d the Patoka Oil Terminal Hub. The second phase of the pipeline system is the Keystone-Cushing Extension. The extension would originate at the Steele City conjunction to storage and distribution facilities in Cushing, Oklahoma. The third phase of the system is the Gulf Coast Extension. This extension extends the pipeline to the coast from the storage facilities in Cushing, Oklahoma to refineries at Port Arthur, Texas. From Port Arthur there is an extension of the extension to connect the pipeline with more refineries in Houston, Texas. The contested fourth and final phase of the Keystone Pipeline is known as the Keystone XL Pipeline. This Keystone XL Pipeline duplicates phase 1, the Keystone Pipeline. However, phase four is proposed to have a much shorter route along with using a larger diameter pipe. Along the route of the Keystone XL Pipeline is the Baker, Montana where American produced light crude oil would be added into the pipe at storage facilities (About the project). Oppone nts of the pipeline contest that the environment is in danger with the creation of the pipeline, but with critical analysis of all point of views, it is without a doubt that the United States should cease their delay on a decision and approve the building of the

Research Paper about Internet Security

The connectivity of a computer to other of networks that allows communication with other computers presents many risks to the computer. According to Kallol Bagchi, (2003), internet security involves mechanisms and procedures taken to protect and secure files and data in the computer connected to the internet against intrusion by other internet users. The internet being insecure mediums of exchanging information presents high-risk attacks which results in loss of data or files, destruction of computer software or access of information by unwanted or unknown computer users. To protect the transfer of date via internet several methods such as encryption have been employed. (p. 686) History of internet security According to Gollmann, since the evolution if the World Wide Web (WWW) in 1995, experts predicted that by the year 2000 internet will be accessed by at least 200 million users. Latest data from US census bureau show that as of June 2010 at least 2 billion people visit the internet daily. There has been a tremendous change over the past in the usage of internets. There has been increase exchange of data, electronic business and the world is now a global village. Networks have become cheaper, and computers and mobile phone are more powerful to access internet connectivity. Computer crime has since emerged (Gollmann, 2010 p. 548). In 1995, when www emerged and became the   easiest and fastest browsing tool,   police in Hong Gong had to disconnect all except one Internet Service providers (ISPs) in search for a hacker. Over 20, 000 internet users were affected. Since then, Internet Security has become a real concern as cyber crimes have increased. As the number of internets users swell daily, internet security continues to elicit security issues. Types of cyber crimes Hacked advertising A hacker is computer user with knowledge and expertise in computers and networking whose intention is to get unauthorized or illegal access to a computer system. Hacked advertising is where internet criminal access an originations websites and illegally modify information thereon. Some even go ahead and send malicious emails using the email accounts. The first serious crime of this kind occurred on December 29 1996, when a hacker accessed US Air Force and replaced the cover page with a pornographic picture. Industrial military espionage This is hacking into websites hosts in order to steal and tamper with confidential data. This included stealing identity, destruction or corrupting of files. Once the data is tampered with, the organization without realizing will continue to use and reproduce faulty ones. This costly incident can occur to an organization. For example, in 1997, two university student hackers got their way into Boeing’s computers. They managed to access the courthouse systems in Seattle, which cost Boeing $ 57000 to check the integrity of their system. Fraud The emergence E-commerce and electronic money led to more challenges in making transactions. Credit card security has been one of the biggest concerns since the emergence of online commerce has created a big opportunities for fraudsters. Virtual shops that serve the online client use credit card as a form of payment. In this case the customer send the credit card number to the virtual shop so as to enable him debit the amount required to pay for the purchased goods. The information can be hacked without the knowledge of either of the two parties. While growth of E-commerce has been robust, it is also becoming a large concern for credit card customer and organizations. Systems disabling This is where hackers attack ISP’s service stations this disabling all their services. The service may not be destroyed bust they get impaired, crashed, or exhaust memory rendering is operational. During the time it is not functioned, the company loose money and sometimes data may be lost. Other crimes include pornography, crime network syndicate such as piracy, terrorism, and kidnapping. How do hackers work? The flaws of the networks create different opportunities for hackers. They use different methods to achieve their goals. Like hackers, crackers breaks into systems, wipes all memories, crash machines or stop running processes. The following are ways or tools used by hacker and crackers in cyber crimes. Social engineering This where crackers use social network such as twitter, Facebook, yahoo mails, etc to trick people to reveal their passwords or other information that put a   system security at a risk or compromise. These could include posing as client or employee with an urgent need of technical support. Common nowadays are emails from hacked accounts with enticing messages such need for business partnerships, donation, and grants. Password cracking Passwords are the first defense lines against any possible attack on to a system. Passwords cracking involve hackers and cracker attempting to gain access by breaking this line. They use programs that generate millions of possible passwords from a given users, domain, or emails address. Packet and password sniffing If the hacker cannot access the passwords by guessing them, they use password-sniffing tools, which involve use of broadcast technology, where the hacker scrutinizes the network transmissions read by other networks. The sniffing tools are programs that look at every message on the network and attempt to sniff the sender or recipient’s network access details. IP spoofing This is where internet criminals use IP source routing by pretending as a genuine host or client hence obtaining authorize information for accessing hosting servers. Another spoofing method is where the hacker will wait until a client computer is turned off and then attempting to impersonate the clients’ systems to access the internet host. Prone to spoofing is emails that do not have electronic signatures. Trojan Horses This is program that hides itself in another so that when the actual program is run, the hidden Trojan is also run. When the Trojan run it maliciously could destroy files or send out signals to the attacker thus allowing them direct access who then can modify programs or install other destructive programs. Worms This is a program that replicates itself without being triggered by other programs or by any person. An example is a worm created by a student, which within 8 hours, over 2000 computers had been infected and began to hut down because the replication of the programs was very fast for deletion. Though nowadays rare, hackers still use worms as a technique to attack operating systems. Viruses According to Kaspersky, viruses are programs that deliberately written that alter how computers operate, without the permission or knowledge of the user. They damage program, reformats storage programs or deletes files. Kaspersky’s, one of the companies dealing internet security services and products collected data in 2009 about IT products most vulnerable to attacks. The graph below is the presentation of data on which Kaspersky’s products contained the most vulnerability Source: Kaspersky Security Bulletin 2009. Statistics, 2009   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (http://www.securelist.com/en/images/vlill/ksb09_malware2_pic02.png) There are a plenty of programs or methods used by hacker and crackers to launch attacks, posing the challenge of internet security. Other methods include NIS/NFS attacks; send mail attacks, TCB-SYN flooding, FTP attacks, and so many others. The graph below shows data on the most common vulnerabilities were classified by type: Source: Kaspersky Security Bulletin 2009. Statistics, 2009   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (http://www.securelist.com/en/images/vlill/ksb09_malware2_pic02.png) In 2009, the International Decision Systems in Kaspersky Internet Security 2010 deflected 219,899,678 network attacks as tabulated below. Similar data of 2008 was slightly more than 30 million. Name of the worm/virus   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Number of attacks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   % 1 DoS.Generic.SYNFlood 156550484 71.192 2 Intrusion.Win.NETAPI.buffer-overflow.exploit 32605798 14.828 3 Intrusion.Win.MSSQL.worm.Helkern 23263431 10.579 4 Intrusion.Win.DCOM.exploit 3245943 1.476 5 Scan.Generic.UDP 1799685 0.818 6 Intrusion.Win.LSASS.exploit 812775 0.37 7 Intrusion.Generic.TCP.Flags.Bad.Combine.attack 604621 0.275 8 Intrusion.Win.LSASS.ASN1-kill-bill.exploit 555107 0.252 9 DoS.Generic.ICMPFlood 131925 0.06 10 Scan.Generic.TCP 101737 0.046 11 Intrusion.Win.HTTPD.GET.buffer-overflow.exploit 86511 0.039 12 Intrusion.Win.MediaPlayer.ASX.buffer-overflow.exploit 24375 0.011 13 Intrusion.Win.SMB.CVE-2009-3103.exploit 19378 0.009 14 Intrusion.Win.WINS.heap-overflow.exploit 15200 0.007 15 Intrusion.Generic.OmniWeb.Alert.format-string.exploit 14291 0.006 16 Intrusion.Win.Messenger.exploit 10296 0.005 17 DoS.Win.IGMP.Host-Membership-Query.exploit 8976 0.004 18 Intrusion.Win.PnP.exploit 8783 0.004 19 Intrusion.Win.EasyAddressWebServer.format-string.exploit 6561 0.003 20 DoS.Generic.Land 3505 0.002 Total: 99.986 Source: Kaspersky Security Bulletin 2009. Statistics, 2009   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (http://www.securelist.com/en/images/vlill/ksb09_malware2_pic02.png) Methods of enhancing internet security There three main methods of enhancing internet security: password protection, encryption and firewalls. Firewalls A firewall is a type of a controlled access technology that restricts access of information and resources by placing a barricade or a ‘wall’ between an unsecured networks and an organizations network. It prevents any illegal or unauthorized import or export of information from and to a corporate network. Some of the most common firewall in current market include: McAfee Personal Firewall Plus, Norton Personal Firewall, ZoneAlarm ProSymantic,   and BlackICE PC Protection. (Cheswick, Bellovin, Rubin, 2003 p.9) Firewall compares the request from the devise on side with information on the devise in the others side. Firewalls are essentially a set of rules, thus the sets of information in the internet that of the external are compared against each fire rule. Only those that correspond to the rules will cross the fire wall. They are configured to secure networks against unauthorized logins thus preventing possible data vandals. They allow internal users to communicate freely to the outside but restrict traffics coming in the networks. (Cheswick, Bellovin, Rubin, 2003 p.14) However, firewalls are not able to protect the networks or data against attacks that cross the wall. For this reason, experts advise against corporations hosting very confidential data on the internet. Such data do not require firewalls. Firewalls also may not protect against attacks from worms and viruses. Protecting Passwords and generating safe passwords Enhancing the safety of password is one way of enhancing internet security. Generating safe passwords and shadow passwords are the two main methods for this. Shadow passwords are where the plain text of the password remains hidden from the user except the root. Generating safe passwords is where users are encouraged to avid too easily to guess passwords. Effective ones are easy to remember but difficult to guess or greater using computer programs. (Great Britain: Parliament: House of Lords: Science and Technology Committee, 2007 p. 150-153) Encryption This is a cryptographic method of using technology so that shared date is only understood by the removing client’s computers. The process involves encrypting and decrypting. This improves traffic flaws end minimizes insecurity vulnerability. Encryption can be symmetrical pr asymmetrical. Asymmetric (key) encryption uses two methods at the same time: a public key known to everyone and a private known only to the recipient of the message. The public key encrypts the message while the private or secret key decrypts the message. Knowing the public key does not make possible to know the private key (Sinrod Reilly, 2000 p.18). Symmetric encryption is where the same key is applied in encryption and decryption of the access keys. Conclusion The need for internet security and sharp rise in cyber crime is the recent concern for businesses. Legislations have been enacted to apprehend and prosecute suspect of this crime. References Cheswick W. R., Bellovin S.M., Rubin A.D. (2003). Firewalls and Internet Security: Repelling the Wily Hacker. Boston: Addison-Wesley Professional Gollmann, D. (2010), Computer security. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics, 2:  544–554.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wics.106/full Great Britain: Parliament: House of Lords: Science and Technology Committee (2007). Personal internet security: 5th report of session 2006-07, Vol. 2: Evidence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   London: The Stationery Office Publishers. ICANN, (September 2010) Plan For Enhancing Internet Security, Stability, And   Ã‚  Ã‚   Resiliency (Fy 11) http://www.icann.org/en/topics/ssr/ssr-draft-plan-fy11-13sep10-en.pdf Kallol Bagchi, (2003). An Analysis Of The Growth Of Computer And Internet Security Breaches Journal of Communications of the Association for Information Systems (Volume 12,) 684-700 Kaspersky Security Bulletin 2009. Statistics, 2009 (http://www.securelist.com/en/images/vlill/ksb09_malware2_pic02.png) Sinrod E. J. Reilly W.P., (2000) Cyber-crimes: A Practical Approach to the Application of Federal Computer Crime Law. Santa Clara Computer and High   Ã‚   Technology Law Journal May, 2000

Life Choices as Represented in Robert Frosts Road Not Taken

Life Choices as Represented in Robert Frosts Road Not Taken Choices are never easy, facing hundreds upon thousands of them in our lifetime, man has to make decisions based upon these choices. Some decisions are clear while others are sometimes not clear and more difficult to make. The poem The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost is a prime example of these choices in life. This poem is a first person narrative that is seen by most people as being told by Frost. The poem opens up with the narrator encountering a point in the woods that has a trail diverge into two separate paths. In the poem Frost presents the idea of man facing the difficult predilection of a moment and a lifetime. I believe this idea in the poem is embodied in the fork†¦show more content†¦Both roads diverge into a yellow wood and appear to be about the same in their purpose. The first of the two paths is the more common route than the other less traveled path. Frost presents a classic conflict, the decision between the common easy path and the less traveled challenging one. Or, does he? Is this poem really about the one true choice in life or is it simply a silly little poem that has been looked at wrong? Heres what I think. Maybe this poem should not be praised upon as the classic confrontation of the big choice in life. Is there really a geographical place that has two paths, one leading to a boring 9-5 office job while the other much more challenging path leads to your dream in life? I dont think so. The choices represented in this poem seem to me to be magnifications of a walk through the woods. Perhaps Frost did really take a walk one day and came to a fork in the trail and was able to magnify that situation into this poem. Maybe people have since read way to deep into this piece. The poem could be about the magnification of a path and the really making a life altering decision but it could also be simply a factual account of a day in the life of Robert Frost. While reading this poem I drew a connection to the music of the Beatles. It just seemed that everyone alive during the late sixties read way too much into what they were doing. The whole notions that Yellow Submarine and Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds wereShow MoreRelatedEssay about Robert Lee Frost1452 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Lee Frost The mark of a great poet is his ability to engage the reader so that they analyse their own lives. Robert Lee Frost (1874 – 1963) – an influential American poet often associated with rural New England – is brilliant at this and uses poetry as a platform for the expression of his own general ideology. Frost’s belief that human society was often chaotic and stressful and that the meaning of life is elusive, has been promoted in his poetry. Frost looked to nature, whose undyingRead MoreLife Choices in Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken and Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening970 Words   |  4 Pages Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† and â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† both portray weighing of choices in life. The former is about youth and experiencing life and the latter is about old age, or more probably, an old spirit wearied by life. In both poems the speaker is in a critical situation where he has to choose between two paths in life. In â€Å"The Road Not taken† the speaker chooses the unconventional approach to the decision making process, thus showing his uniqueness and challengingRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesTwo Roads, Two Choices, One Decision â€Å"The Road Not Taken,† written by Robert Frost, discusses a traveler who has to make a choice between two roads. In the first stanza, the traveler remembers standing at an intersection of two roads. Indecisive about which road to take, he seems to believe that one of the roads would be more beneficial to him (Lee 5). In stanza two, the narrator refers to the traveler’s unexpected decision to take the other road by giving details of it. In addition, the narratorRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost1026 Words   |  5 PagesThe poem, â€Å"The Road Not Taken† describes a person having a hard time choosing what path to take. Robert Frost elicits the central idea, theme, meaning, and how the speaker came to his decision by the use of metaphors describing the want for his readers to think through the hard decisions in life. One decision in life can make you or break you. It is all on how a person approaches the situation. Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, Frost introduces the metaphor of two diverging roads. He is depictingRead MoreFinally In To Kill A Mockingbird, The Issue Of Coming Of1161 Words   |  5 Pagesstock of the community. 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The second is a discussion of depression, darkness, and death (as appears in â€Å"Out, Out—† and â€Å"Acquainted with the Night†), which issues from Frost’s own experiences after his 3-year-old son, mother, and grandfather died within two years ofRead MoreThe Importance of Journeys Essay2150 Words   |  9 Pagesendless possibilities. They can offer an escape from the realities of life, and are frequently used to comment on social or human traits and characteristics. Imaginative Journeys are represented in the focus text, The Tempest by William Shakespeare, the 2003 calendar cartoon in the Sydney Morning Herald by Michael Leunig, and the Board of Studies Booklet Prescribed text The Road Not Taken, a poem by Robert Frost. The composers attempt to create a world in which imagination

Environmental Hazards and Toxicity for Weather - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEnvironmental Hazards and Toxicity for Weather. Answer: Introduction Weather is becoming warmer and warmer, throughout the world, because of the increasing ambient temperature and the resultant global warming. The condition of the workers in the weather that is humid and hotter increases the heat stress risk, especially, for those, who are working in open and no shaded surfaces. Hence, additional care has to be taken care for the open place working workers, to ensure safe working conditions and hazardless environment. The risk assessment for the heat stress is developed for ensuring safe working conditions, by ensuring them to prevent the workers from any possibilities of developing the heat stress. Heat Stress Heat is generated, basically within the body itself and also gets acquired from the environment, externally. The extra heat generated in the body is lost from the body, by the attempts of sweat evaporation from the surface of the skin. If the body is cold, excess heat is generated through shivering. Heat stress is the result of heat accumulation exceeding the bodys ability for removing this excess heat. Core temperature is maintained by a human body and it is done in a range that is very narrow. When this limit is exceeded, failure of the vital organs will be resulted and eventually, the human may die after becoming unconscious. The mechanism of the main human body is losing the heat that is in excess, through sweat evaporation. The sweat evaporation causes to lose only water, so that much heat is not lost, from the body (WSH, 2010). Sweat evaporation involves the process of changes of sweat from the state of liquid to gas. More sweat evaporation is done for the lower moisture content of the air, relatively and when the moisture content is high, less evaporation gets occurred, in high relative humidity. When the physical work is intense, more than one litre of sweat or liquid can be lost, in an hour, in the form of sweating. In case, the loss of this body fluid is in larger amounts, through the sweating process, the result would be dehydration and it results in blood circulation impairment and also the body temperature regulation. So, replacement of water should be done through frequent drinking of water for maintaining adequate hydration, so that the mechanism of sweating of human functions optimally. Risks Though continuous intake of water is done, in the heat, there is a possibility of the heat stress, since the body continuously tries to remove the heat that is excess. The syndromes of the heat stress are heat cramps, heat stroke and heat exhaustion. Heat Cramps This earliest sign is the muscle tonic contraction symptom of cramping in the legs. It is usually, because of the electrolyte and fluid losses from huge sweating and happens after heavy physical work. The treatment for this is replacing electrolytes and fluid and taking rest. Heat Stroke Heat stoke occurs, when extra heat was unable to remove, because of increase of core temperature. It results in inability to talk, become unconscious and lose functions of bowel and bladder and may fail the seating mechanism. It may damage the vital body organs, like kidney, brain, liver. If it not treated in time, it may result in death. The treatment is to alert the workers and first aiders. Immediate attention must be sought by the worker, if he or she feels dizzy, unwell, painful cramps, headache or if anyone collapses. The body has to be cooled, preferably in an air conditioned area, sponge with water, after, removing cloths and then fanning. Circulation has to be restored and legs are to be elevated one foot above the ground. Then ambulance has to be called for sending to the hospital. Heat Exhaustion It occurs, when the electrolytes and water are lost from the body, as it effects the flow of blood to the vital organs. The symptoms are dizziness, feeling weak or even fainting, vision blurring, headaches and abdominal pain. Sweat is continued and body temperature is higher. The treatment would be electrolytes and fluids replacement, cooling the body and physical activity cessation (WSH, 2010). Then move the person to the area of air-condition or cooler place, sponge down after removing cloths, wet with cloth or towel and fan. Elevate the legs to above one foot above teh ground. Risks Associated The heat stress, if increased to an extent of uncontrollable condition could result into the heat stroke development. And the consequences of the heat stress would be serious. Workplace Safety and Health Act WSH Factors of Heat Stress in the Workplace There are three important factors that contribute the heat stress in the site, of the company (WSH, 2012). Factors, related to the personal workers, such as acclimatisation, hydration, general health condition, age, alcohol consumption, diabetes, immune suppression, obesity and other medical conditions Nature or type of work, such as rate of work, work load, cloths worn, type of work Environment of work, such as humidity, temperature, ventilation Companys Responsibility Heat stress and the resulting heat stroke would have serious conditions and hence, the management and other stakeholders have to take important measurements of minimizing the risk of the heat stress, as they are responsible to act under (Workplace Safety and Health) Act. Regulations of WSH, Singapore, risk management need conducting the risk assessment by the workplaces, so that measures are taken for reducing and eliminating the risks. It demands acclimatization of the workers in the local conditions of weather, before the operations begin (WSH, 2010). Since, the workers are planned to arrive two weeks prior to the operations, the two weeks time has to be utilized in such a way that they get acclimatized to the conditions of the local weather. (Stephan Constantin, 2012) Risk Assesment Specifies Against the heat stress Against the open working Against work load According to WSH, Singapore Recommendations Preventive Actions and Measures It is important that the risk assessment includes the following measurements to be taken, so that maximum risk of the heat stress can be prevented (Hale Ytehus, 2004). Provide polyolefine coveralls to all the workers and set its wet bulb global temperature to 29,50 Temporary shelters have to be arranged within the site, so resting is possible, during shorter and regular periods. All the workers have to go through Construction Safety Orientation Course to be aware of the heat stress issues. Change the timings of total 8 or 10 hours of working, in such a way that the first 4 or 5 hours are allocated from early in the morning and finish the first half, earlier. And second half should be started just four hours before the light fails (WSH, 2013). So, lunch break should be given between 11AM to 3PM. It is possible, since all the workers are accommodated by the company. The accommodation is recommended to be maintained closer to the site, so that they can have enough time to sleep, during the night, without wasting time much in travel. It should ensure that the temperature should not be exceeding 290C and the relative humidity to 85%, according to the WSH Act (WSH, 2010). Breaks to be given after every 1 hour of working for fluid intake. Lemon water can improve the stamina to work in the hotter weather, with less exhaustive nature. Conduct outdoor activities for the workers during the two weeks prior to the beginning of work, towards acclimatisation. Maintain an AC room near the workplace. Make the cool drinking and sports drinking water closer to the workers and also ensure that the workers have 500 ml water, every hour. First aid equipment and necessary materials. First aider and doctor to be present always in the site, during The companys park construction comes under Heat Stress 2, since the workers work under sun. Initially, the workload has to be 2 days and should be gradually increased. Requisites The company is requested to provide the following equipment, infrastructure and the necessary budget. Equipment, infrastructure, Material and Others Sports drinking water, supplied closer to every part of the operational site. One air conditioned room to accommodate the workers to rest for a while, before and after the shift and in case of any heat strokes. Temporary Shades WBGT Monitor First aid First aider Doctor close to the site Contact numbers of ambulance, hospital Risk supervisor Other facilities Budget Request The budget required - S.No. Facility Budget in USD 1 Sports drinking water 500 2 One air conditioned room 1000 3 WBGT Monitor 100 4 Temporary Shades 100 5 First aid 50 6 First aider 1000 7 Doctor close to the site 1500 8 Risk Supervisor 1500 9 Polyolefine Coveralls 1000 10 Other facilities 250 The total budget required is = 7000 USD Evaluation Measures Ensure personal fitness enough to work in construction of the park, before appointment of the worker. Conduct medical test after one week of the initiation of the work, to ensure the acclimatisation of the workers. Ensure checklist of the risk assessment factors to be verified, every day, before the shift begins. Report to Company The parking construction project is carried in the open sun, with no shade and so the risk assessment, risk factors and recommendations, along with the budget are provided in the report. It is requested to provide the recommended facilities, according to the WSH Act. Conclusion Risk assessment has been performed after a detailed exploration of heat stress, its causes, factors and treatments. Risk assessment is performed to prevent the accidents and hazards and the recommendations are provided in the report. References WSH Council, 2010, Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines: Managing Heat Stress in the Workplace, Workplace Safety and Health Council. WSH Council, 2012, Code of Practice on Workplace Safety and Health Risk Management Workplace Safety and Health Council. WSH Council, 2013, Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines Statutory Medical Examination Workplace Safety and Health Council. WSH Council, 2008, Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines Healthcare Workplace Safety and Health Council. WSHC, 2008, Workplace Safety and Health Guidelines - Hotels, Food and Beverage, Workplace Safety and Health Council. 2006, Occupational Safety and Health Management System, Fanning, F. E., 2003, Basic Safety Administration A Handbook for the New Safety Specialist, American Society of Safety Engineers, Chicago Ladou, Joseph, 2006,Current Occupational Environmental Medicine,4th ed. McGraw-Hill Professional.. Roughton, James, 2002,Developing an Effective Safety Culture: A Leadership Approach, 1st ed. Butterworth-Heinemann Stephan, Constantin, 2012, Industrial Health, Safety and Environmental Management, 3rd edition, epubli, Berlin. Hale A, Ytehus I, 2004, Changing requirements for the safety profession: roles and tasks, Journal of Occupational Health Safety, Australia and New Zealand Della, Giustina, Daniel, E. 2000, Developing a Safety and Health Program, Lewis Publishers, New York.